The long-awaited spring is approaching, but unfortunately, people allergic to tree and grass pollen may begin to experience the first symptoms of allergies. During this period, it is worth paying attention to preventive measures aimed at reducing exposure to allergenic pollen.
You should follow a few simple rules that help reduce pollen exposure:
– check allergy forecasts and monitor pollen levels using mobile applications, e.g. Allertec Effect, or weather apps
– limit time spent outdoors during periods of high pollen concentration
– keep windows closed during the day, and ventilate rooms at night or in the early morning, during rainfall and immediately after it, when pollen levels are lowest
– wear sunglasses during walks to reduce the contact of allergens with the eyes
– after being outdoors, wash your face and exposed skin; ideally, take a shower and wash your hair
– rinse the nose and eyes with preservative-free saline solutions
– after returning home, change into clean clothes and wash the ones you wore outside
– do not dry clothes or bedding outdoors
– regularly bathe pets that go outside, as pollen can accumulate on their fur
– consider using an air purifier with a HEPA filter and replace filters according to the manufacturer’s recommendations
– avoid driving with open windows and regularly change cabin air filters
– limit the presence of heavily pollinating plants at home
– avoid mowing the lawn and walking on freshly cut grass
Unfortunately, preventive measures alone do not always eliminate allergic symptoms. In most cases, additional medications are required to relieve symptoms (e.g. antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, corticosteroids, and others). To choose the appropriate treatment method, it is advisable to consult an allergist.
In cases of significantly severe allergy symptoms and lack of improvement with symptomatic treatment, specific immunotherapy (commonly known as allergen desensitization) should be considered. It is important to note that immunotherapy is the only causal treatment that modifies the natural course of allergic disease. Depending on the indications, immunotherapy may be administered subcutaneously or sublingually.
Currently, most preparations used in specific immunotherapy, including sublingual formulations, are reimbursed under the National Health Fund (NFZ). Remember that desensitization requires time for long-lasting effects — the therapy should continue uninterrupted for 3 to 5 years.
Dr Małgorzata Makowska, MD
Specialist in Allergology and Paediatrics
